Thymosin Alpha-1 (5mg / 10mg)

Description

Thymosin Alpha-1 Peptide: Immune Support and Cellular Modulation

Thymosin Alpha-1 (Tα1), also known as Thymalfasin or TA1, is a 28-amino-acid synthetic peptide derived from the naturally occurring prothymosin-alpha. It has been widely studied for its potential to modulate immune function, enhance T-cell activity, and support antiviral responses. Tα1 may act on T-helper cells, cytotoxic T-cells, and natural killer cells, influencing cytokine production and improving immune system signaling.

Thymosin Alpha-1 may also impact oxidative stress and inflammation, showing potential benefits in chronic viral infections, sepsis, and certain cancer cell models. Researchers suggest it functions by stimulating T-cell differentiation, enhancing thymic output, and modulating immune response through toll-like receptors (TLR-2 and TLR-9).

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Chemical Makeup

• Molecular Formula: C129H215N33O55

• Molecular Weight: 3108.31 g/mol

• Other Names: TA1, Tα1, Thymalfasin

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Research and Clinical Insights

Immune System Support

• Tα1 may enhance natural killer (NK) cell activity and lymphocyte activation.

• Stimulates cytokine production (IL-2, IL-10, IFN-γ) to potentially strengthen immune responses.

• May influence macrophage efficiency and modulate alpha-thrombin activity.

Viral Infections and Hepatitis

• In Hepatitis B patients, Tα1 treatment reportedly increased virological response rates by ~40%.

• For Hepatitis C, Tα1 shows potential synergy with interferon alpha, supporting immune-mediated viral clearance.

Sepsis

• Meta-analyses suggest Tα1 may reduce mortality in severe sepsis, potentially by alleviating immunosuppression during late-stage sepsis.

HIV Research

• Clinical studies show Tα1 may increase thymic output (sjTREC levels), hinting at potential immune reconstitution, though overall T-cell numbers may not change significantly in short-term studies.

Cancer Cell Models

• Tα1 may reduce proliferation of cancer cells (e.g., HepG2, A549) and modulate ROS levels.

• Increases antioxidant enzyme activity, including catalase, SOD, and GPx, potentially protecting cells from oxidative damage.

• May delay cancer cell cycles and reduce cell migration in vitro.

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Key Benefits of Thymosin Alpha-1

• Supports T-cell maturation and natural killer cell function

• Enhances immune response to viral infections

• Potentially reduces mortality in sepsis models

• Modulates oxidative stress and inflammation

• May inhibit cancer cell proliferation and migration in lab studies

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References:

1. Immunodeficiency, British Society for Immunology. Published March 2017. https://www.immunology.org/policy-and-public-affairs/briefings-and-position-statements/immunodeficiency
2. Dominari A, Hathaway Iii D, Pandav K, Matos W, Biswas S, Reddy G, Thevuthasan S, Khan MA, Mathew A, Makkar SS, Zaidi M, Fahem MMM, Beas R, Castaneda V, Paul T, Halpern J, Baralt D. Thymosin alpha 1: A comprehensive review of the literature. World J Virol. 2020 Dec 15;9(5):67-78. doi: 10.5501/wjv.v9.i5.67. PMID: 33362999; PMCID: PMC7747025. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7747025/